An Agile team is developing a microservices-based application. The team responsible for the 'Order' service needs to perform integration testing, but the 'Payment' service, which it depends on, is unstable and frequently unavailable in the shared development environment. This is causing significant delays and blocking the CI pipeline. Which approach provides the most effective and immediate solution to unblock the 'Order' service team and stabilize their CI pipeline?
A mature Agile team follows Test-Driven Development (TDD) principles rigorously. A developer is tasked with implementing a new feature. According to the Red-Green-Refactor cycle of TDD, what is the very first action the developer must take?
During a backlog refinement session for a financial application, the team is analyzing the following user story: "As a customer, I want to view my transaction history so that I can track my spending." Which TWO of the following are the most effective, testable acceptance criteria for this story? (Select TWO).
True or False: In a Keyword-Driven Testing framework, keywords should primarily be implemented to represent low-level UI interactions like 'clickButton' or 'setTextField', as this provides the most granular control for test automation.
**Case Study** A retail company, 'GlobalMart', is transitioning to an Agile model for its e-commerce platform. The development team is organized into two-week sprints. They have a CI/CD pipeline that automatically builds and deploys the application to a staging environment after every commit to the main branch. The pipeline currently runs a suite of unit tests, which completes in under 5 minutes. The QA team has built a separate, extensive suite of automated end-to-end UI tests using Selenium. This suite takes over 3 hours to run. The leadership team is pushing for faster feedback and wants to integrate these UI tests directly into the main CI pipeline to run on every commit. The technical testers on the team have raised concerns about this approach, arguing it will drastically slow down the feedback loop for developers. **Problem** The current setup provides slow feedback on system-level regressions, but integrating the full UI suite into the primary CI pipeline would violate the principle of fast feedback. The team needs a strategy that balances the need for comprehensive regression testing with the need for a rapid CI cycle for developers. **Question** Given the situation at GlobalMart, which strategy represents the most effective and balanced approach to integrating automated testing into their CI/CD process?
A tester is participating in a code review for a new function. They notice the code has a high cyclomatic complexity and lacks comments, making it difficult to understand the logic. This is an example of the team incurring what?
A team is adopting Behavior-Driven Development (BDD). They are writing scenarios in Gherkin format. Which part of the Gherkin `Given-When-Then` structure is used to describe the initial state or context before a user action takes place?
An Agile team wants to use personas to improve their testing. They create a persona for "Sarah," a 35-year-old busy professional who primarily uses the mobile app during her commute. How does creating this persona most directly aid the technical tester?
A project is using a Data-Driven Testing approach for automating the testing of a loan application form. The test script is designed to read data from an external spreadsheet. What are the primary benefits of this approach? (Select TWO).
During an exploratory testing session on a new mobile banking feature, a tester discovers a critical security vulnerability. According to best practices for Agile testing, what is the most appropriate immediate action?