Question 1
IntermediateScientific Foundation · Advanced psychopharmacology (e.g., pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, extrapyramidal symptoms [EPS], neuroleptic malignant syndrome [NMS])
A 38-year-old male with schizophrenia treated with intramuscular haloperidol decanoate is brought to the emergency department with severe diaphoresis, autonomic instability (blood pressure 178/104 mmHg, heart rate 124 bpm), a temperature of 103.8°F (39.9°C), generalized "lead-pipe" rigidity, and a serum creatine kinase level of 24,000 U/L. Antipsychotic therapy is stopped immediately. Which medication is most appropriate to administer specifically to relieve peripheral skeletal muscle rigidity and reduce hyperthermia?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C
Dantrolene acts directly on skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum to inhibit calcium release, reversing hyperrigidity and hyperthermia in NMS. Benztropine is contraindicated as anticholinergic effects worsen hyperthermia.

